Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) is traditionally used to support the female reproductive system, especially for symptoms related to premenstrual syndrome (PMS), mastalgia (breast pain), and menopause. The main active component in EPO is gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid believed to have anti-inflammatory properties. Scientific evidence for EPO’s effectiveness, however, is mixed and generally not robust. Randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have failed to consistently demonstrate significant benefit for PMS or menopausal symptoms compared to placebo. For example, a 2013 Cochrane review concluded that there is little convincing evidence that EPO is more effective than placebo for PMS. Some small studies have suggested EPO may help with cyclical mastalgia, but larger, well-conducted trials are needed for confirmation. In summary, while EPO is widely used and considered safe for most women, scientific support for its efficacy in supporting female reproductive health is limited and inconsistent. Its continued use is likely influenced by tradition and anecdotal reports as much as by scientific findings.

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