Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Catechins, a class of polyphenolic compounds primarily found in green tea, have been investigated for their potential role in supporting or treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several preclinical studies and a growing number of human clinical trials suggest that catechins, especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), may have hepatoprotective effects. The proposed mechanisms include reducing liver fat accumulation, improving insulin sensitivity, and exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

A number of randomized controlled trials have evaluated green tea extract (rich in catechins) in individuals with NAFLD. Some studies have reported improvements in liver function tests (such as ALT and AST), reductions in hepatic fat content measured by imaging, and decreased markers of oxidative stress. For example, a 2013 double-blind trial found that 500 mg of green tea extract daily for 12 weeks significantly reduced liver fat and improved enzyme levels in NAFLD patients. However, not all trials have found significant benefits, and sample sizes are often small.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that while there is moderate evidence suggesting catechins may benefit liver health, the data are not yet robust enough to recommend catechins as a standard treatment for NAFLD. More large-scale, long-term studies are needed. Overall, the use of catechins for fatty liver disease is supported by a moderate level of scientific evidence, primarily based on human and animal studies rather than longstanding traditional use.

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