Evidence supporting the use of: Choline
For the health condition: Fat Metabolism (poor)
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3
Choline is an essential nutrient that plays a significant role in fat metabolism, particularly in the liver. It is a precursor for phosphatidylcholine, a key component of very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) that are needed to export triglycerides from the liver. Without adequate choline, fat can accumulate in the liver, potentially leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Scientific studies in both animals and humans have demonstrated that choline deficiency results in impaired hepatic lipid export and subsequent fatty liver. For example, controlled human studies have shown that low-choline diets can induce signs of fatty liver and liver dysfunction, which are reversible upon choline repletion (Zeisel & da Costa, 2009).
While choline supplementation is clearly effective in preventing and treating choline-deficiency-induced fatty liver, evidence for its use in treating general "poor fat metabolism" in the absence of a deficiency is less robust. Some clinical trials suggest possible benefits of choline supplementation on liver health in specific populations, but there is limited evidence that it enhances overall fat metabolism or weight loss in healthy individuals. Therefore, its use is scientifically justified in the context of choline deficiency or certain liver conditions, but broad benefits for fat metabolism are less well-established. Overall, choline's role in fat metabolism is supported by a moderate level of clinical evidence, particularly for liver health.
Other ingredients used for Fat Metabolism (poor)
7-Keto-DHEAacetyl l-carnitine
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
anchovies
artichoke
barberry
biotin
canola oil
capsaicinoids
choline
cinnamon
coleus forskohlii
conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)
turmeric
dandelion
epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
fenugreek
flavonols
forskohlii root
garcinia
ginger
glucomannan
guggul
hesperetin
hydroxycitric acid
kelp
l-carnitine
lecithin
linoleic acid (LA)
lipase
medium chain triglycerides (MCT)
milk thistle
omega-3 fatty acids
omega-7 fatty acids
palmitate
pantethine
phospholipids
black ginger
vitamin B
zinc
bile salt
polyphenols
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
3-desoxy-7-KETO-DHEA
Apple Cider Vinegar
Avocado
alpha Methyl Tetradecylthioacetic Acid
Beta-hydroxybutyrate
Berberis (unspecified)
Chia seed
Capric Acid
Cardarine
Carqueja
Capsinoids
coconut oil
Coriander
Capsaicin
Capsiate
Cha de bugre
Diacylglycerol
Dihydrocapsiate
Ephedrine
walnut
yohimbine
Products containing choline
Nature's Sunshine Balanced B Complex (Vitamin B)
Nature's Sunshine Chlorophyll
Nature's Sunshine Detox Basics (Best used by 7/31/25)
Nature's Sunshine Hepatic System
Nature's Sunshine Milk Thistle Combination
Nature's Sunshine MultiVitamin & Mineral (Time Release)
Nature's Sunshine Natural Changes
Nature's Sunshine Nervous System (30 Day Program)
Nature's Sunshine Nutri-Calm
Nature's Sunshine Nutri-Calm
Nature's Sunshine Power Greens
Nature's Sunshine Power Greens To-Go
Nature's Sunshine Sunshine Heroes Whole Food Papayazyme
Nature's Sunshine Sunshine Heroes Probiotic Power
Nature's Sunshine Super Supplemental
Nature's Sunshine Super Supplemental (Without Iron)
Nature's Sunshine Super Trio
Nature's Sunshine B-Complex