Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Beta-carotene is a precursor to vitamin A, which is essential for maintaining healthy vision. Its use in supporting the eyes is primarily based on scientific evidence. Vitamin A is required for the formation of rhodopsin, a pigment in the retina that is necessary for seeing in low-light conditions. A deficiency in vitamin A can lead to night blindness and, in severe cases, complete blindness. Beta-carotene, found in colorful fruits and vegetables, is converted by the body into vitamin A as needed, making it a safe dietary source.

Several large studies, such as the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS), have investigated the effects of antioxidants, including beta-carotene, on eye health, particularly in the context of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The original AREDS trial found that a combination of antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene) and zinc reduced the risk of progression to advanced AMD in high-risk individuals. However, later research (AREDS2) replaced beta-carotene with other carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) due to concerns about increased lung cancer risk in smokers associated with beta-carotene supplementation, but the eye health benefit was similar.

Overall, while beta-carotene is justified by scientific evidence as a source of vitamin A important for vision, its direct supplementation is not always recommended, especially for smokers. Dietary intake through fruits and vegetables remains the preferred approach to support eye health.

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