Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Vitamin A (retinol) is strongly supported by scientific evidence for its role in supporting and treating certain eye problems, particularly those related to vitamin A deficiency. The most well-established connection is between vitamin A deficiency and night blindness (nyctalopia), as well as xerophthalmia, a condition characterized by dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea. Vitamin A is a crucial component of rhodopsin, a photopigment in the retina necessary for low-light (scotopic) vision. Deficiency impairs the regeneration of rhodopsin, leading to night blindness and, if untreated, can progress to more severe ocular complications, including corneal ulcers and blindness. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes vitamin A supplementation as a key intervention to prevent blindness in populations at risk of deficiency, particularly children in developing countries. Numerous controlled trials and epidemiological studies have confirmed that vitamin A supplementation can restore normal vision in individuals with deficiency-related eye disorders and reduce the risk of blindness. However, vitamin A supplementation does not treat eye conditions unrelated to deficiency (e.g., myopia, cataract, or age-related macular degeneration) in well-nourished populations. In summary, the use of vitamin A for preventing and treating deficiency-related eye problems is both scientifically validated and widely implemented in public health.

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