Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Flavonoids are a diverse group of plant compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Their use to support or treat eye problems, particularly conditions like diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and cataracts, is supported by a moderate body of scientific evidence, though most data come from observational studies, laboratory experiments, and some small clinical trials rather than large-scale, definitive human studies. Flavonoids such as anthocyanins (found in berries), quercetin, and flavanols have been shown to help protect retinal cells from oxidative stress and inflammation, which are believed to contribute to common degenerative eye diseases. Some studies suggest that flavonoids may improve microcirculation in the retina and reduce capillary fragility, especially in diabetic patients. For example, bilberry extract (rich in anthocyanins) has a long history of use and some clinical research supporting its benefit in improving night vision and reducing retinal inflammation, though results are mixed and more rigorous studies are needed. Flavonoids may also inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products, which are implicated in diabetic eye disease. However, the overall quality of evidence is moderate, and while promising, flavonoids are not considered a primary or standalone therapy for eye disease. They are generally used as adjuncts to conventional treatment or as part of a preventive dietary approach. Further research, particularly large, randomized controlled trials, is needed to establish definitive clinical benefits.

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