Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) has scientific support for its use in treating certain eye problems, particularly in the context of corneal wound healing and neuroprotection. FGFs, especially basic FGF (bFGF or FGF-2), play a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair. Experimental studies in animals and limited clinical studies in humans have shown that topical or injectable FGF can accelerate healing of corneal ulcers, epithelial defects, and nerve injuries in the eye. For example, randomized clinical trials in China have demonstrated that recombinant human bFGF eye drops promote corneal epithelial healing and visual recovery in patients with corneal injuries or post-surgical wounds. Preclinical studies also suggest neuroprotective benefits in retinal and optic nerve injury models, though clinical translation is still limited.

Despite these promising results, the overall quality of evidence is moderate. Most clinical studies are small and conducted in specific populations (e.g., post-LASIK patients, chemical burns). There is not yet broad regulatory approval in the US or Europe for FGF-based eyedrops, but some products are available in Asia. In summary, the scientific rationale for FGF in ocular healing is well-established, and early clinical studies are supportive, but more large-scale, high-quality trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety across different eye conditions.

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