Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is scientifically validated for use in supporting and treating certain eye problems, particularly corneal injuries and surface disorders. EGF is a polypeptide that stimulates cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation by binding to its receptor, EGFR. In the context of ophthalmology, EGF’s primary benefit arises from its ability to promote the regeneration and healing of the corneal epithelium. Several preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that topical application of EGF-containing eye drops can accelerate corneal epithelial wound healing, reduce inflammation, and decrease the risk of corneal ulceration and scarring.

For example, randomized controlled trials have shown that EGF eye drops can significantly improve the rate of re-epithelialization in patients with persistent corneal epithelial defects, neurotrophic keratopathy, and after ocular surgery. Laboratory studies also support these findings, with EGF promoting proliferation and migration of corneal epithelial cells in vitro and in animal models. Some studies suggest EGF may also reduce recurrence of erosions and contribute to comfort in dry eye disease, although these uses are less well-established.

While there is consistent evidence supporting EGF’s role in ocular surface healing, it is not a first-line therapy but may be used as an adjunct in refractory or severe cases. The overall quality of evidence is good, but more large-scale, long-term studies are needed to further clarify efficacy and safety.

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