Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Synephrine is a naturally occurring alkaloid primarily found in the bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) plant. It is structurally similar to ephedrine and has gained popularity as a component in dietary supplements for energy enhancement and weight loss, particularly after the ban of ephedra in several countries. Scientific interest in synephrine stems from its potential stimulant effects, primarily as a mild adrenergic agonist. Some studies have shown that synephrine can increase metabolic rate and, to a lesser extent, energy expenditure in humans. However, the effects are generally modest compared to stronger stimulants like caffeine or ephedrine.

Randomized controlled trials on synephrine alone are limited, and those that exist often examine its use in combination with other ingredients such as caffeine, making it difficult to isolate its specific effects on energy levels. The evidence supporting its use for increasing energy or combating fatigue is limited and not robust. Most clinical studies focus on its impact on metabolic rate or weight loss, with only indirect implications for increased energy. As a result, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence supporting its use for energy, the quality and quantity of evidence are not strong. The current consensus is that synephrine may provide a mild stimulant effect, but robust, high-quality research is lacking to conclusively support its use for the treatment of low energy.

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