Evidence supporting the use of: Polyphenols
For the health condition: Endometriosis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Polyphenols are a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, including fruits, vegetables, tea, coffee, and some grains. Their use in supporting or treating endometriosis is primarily based on emerging scientific evidence rather than traditional or historical use. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that polyphenols possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic properties, all of which may be beneficial in managing endometriosis, a condition characterized by chronic inflammation and abnormal tissue growth outside the uterus.

Key polyphenols studied in this context include resveratrol (found in grapes and berries), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG; found in green tea), and curcumin (from turmeric). Animal and cell studies suggest these compounds can reduce the growth and survival of endometrial cells, inhibit new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), and modulate inflammatory pathways implicated in endometriosis. For example, resveratrol has been shown to suppress endometriotic lesion growth in animal models and inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Similarly, EGCG has demonstrated the ability to reduce lesion size and inflammation in preclinical models.

However, clinical evidence in humans is limited. A few small pilot studies and clinical trials suggest polyphenol supplementation may reduce pain and improve quality of life in women with endometriosis, but results are not yet definitive due to small sample sizes and methodological limitations. Overall, while promising and grounded in mechanistic rationale, current evidence is preliminary, and further well-designed human studies are needed to establish efficacy and safety.

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