Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Ligustilides, which are the primary phthalide compounds found in the roots of Angelica sinensis (Dong Quai) and Ligusticum chuanxiong (Szechuan Lovage), are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations for gynecological disorders, including endometriosis. TCM texts and historical practice indicate that these herbs are prescribed to "invigorate blood" and "dispel blood stasis," concepts believed to correspond to alleviating menstrual pain and improving pelvic circulation. Dong Quai, in particular, has a long history of use for dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, and other reproductive health issues—conditions that overlap symptomatically with endometriosis.

However, the direct scientific evidence specifically supporting ligustilides or these herbal extracts for endometriosis is limited. Most available research focuses on their anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and analgesic properties in vitro or in animal models. Some studies suggest that ligustilide can reduce uterine contractions and may have estrogenic or anti-inflammatory effects, which could theoretically benefit endometriosis. But clinical trials in humans with endometriosis are lacking, and no high-quality studies have demonstrated clear efficacy for this indication. Thus, while there is strong traditional precedent, the scientific validation remains preliminary.

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