Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Madder refers to several plants in the Rubia genus, most commonly Rubia cordifolia (Indian madder) and Rubia tinctorum (common madder). Traditionally, madder has been used in Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and other traditional systems primarily for its purported blood-purifying, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic effects. In Ayurvedic texts, Rubia cordifolia is cited for managing swelling (edema) and related conditions, often attributed to its ability to reduce “Kapha” and improve blood and lymphatic flow. The roots are the main medicinal part and are included in various polyherbal formulations targeting edema and inflammatory conditions.

Despite these traditional claims, direct scientific studies specifically evaluating madder’s efficacy for edema are extremely limited. Some in vitro and animal studies suggest anti-inflammatory and mild diuretic effects from madder extracts, which could theoretically contribute to reduction of swelling, but these findings are preliminary and not directly tied to clinical outcomes in humans with edema. There are no robust randomized controlled trials or systematic reviews validating its effectiveness for this indication. Thus, while its use for edema is rooted in tradition, scientific validation is weak, and evidence remains largely anecdotal or based on historical use.

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