Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds found in many plants and are commonly used in the management of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), which is often associated with edema (swelling), especially in the lower limbs. The most extensively studied flavonoids for this indication are diosmin and hesperidin, often referred to as "micronized purified flavonoid fraction" (MPFF). Clinical trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that these compounds can help reduce symptoms of CVI, including edema, by improving venous tone, reducing capillary permeability, and enhancing lymphatic drainage. For example, a 2012 Cochrane review found moderate evidence that MPFF reduced leg edema and other symptoms compared to placebo. The proposed mechanisms involve anti-inflammatory effects and the strengthening of blood vessel walls, which can reduce leakage of fluid into surrounding tissues. However, the strength of evidence is moderate rather than strong—most studies are short-term and focus on symptom improvement rather than long-term outcomes, and many are conducted in combination with other therapies such as compression stockings. Overall, the use of flavonoids for edema associated with venous disorders is supported by clinical research, although more large-scale, high-quality trials would be beneficial to confirm efficacy and safety for broader types of edema.

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