Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Phytocannabinoids, particularly those found in Cannabis sativa such as THC and CBD, have gained attention for their potential role in supporting or treating dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation). The endocannabinoid system is involved in modulating pain, inflammation, and uterine contractility, which are key aspects of dysmenorrhea. Several preclinical studies and some small clinical trials suggest that cannabinoids may reduce pain perception, muscle spasms, and inflammation, which can contribute to menstrual pain relief. A notable historical context is that cannabis has been used traditionally for gynecological pain, including menstrual cramps, in various cultures. However, modern scientific evidence is still emerging. A few observational studies and patient surveys indicate that women use cannabis products to self-manage menstrual pain with perceived effectiveness. Despite these reports, there are limited randomized controlled trials specifically targeting dysmenorrhea, and most clinical data are extrapolated from studies on chronic pain or other types of female pelvic pain. Safety and tolerability remain important considerations, and potential side effects or legal restrictions may limit use. In summary, while the mechanistic rationale and preliminary data are promising, high-quality clinical evidence is limited, so the evidence rating is moderate (3/5). More robust, targeted clinical trials are needed to establish efficacy and safety for dysmenorrhea specifically.

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