Arani (Premna integrifolia), known in Ayurveda as Agnimantha, has a long-standing history in traditional Indian medicine for treating gastrointestinal ailments, including dysentery. Classical Ayurvedic texts such as the Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita mention Arani as a component of polyherbal formulations used to manage digestive tract disorders, with specific references to its use in conditions like atisara (diarrhea) and pravahika (dysentery). The plant is believed to possess properties such as deepana (appetizer), pachana (digestive), and grahi (astringent), which are considered useful in controlling loose stools and restoring digestive balance.

However, despite this traditional usage, there is limited scientific validation for its efficacy specifically in dysentery. Some preliminary pharmacological studies have investigated the antimicrobial and anti-diarrheal effects of Premna integrifolia extracts in experimental models, suggesting mild activity, but robust clinical trials in humans are lacking. The available evidence supporting its use is thus primarily historical and anecdotal, with a low level of scientific corroboration. As such, Arani's application in dysentery is justified mainly by traditional practice rather than contemporary biomedical research.