Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin B (specifically B12 and sometimes B1/thiamine) is used to support or treat dizziness mainly when the dizziness is related to a deficiency of these vitamins. Scientific evidence suggests that vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neurological symptoms, including dizziness, balance problems, and neuropathy. Several case studies and observational reports have documented that patients with low B12 levels may experience vertigo or dizziness, and that supplementation can resolve these symptoms. Similarly, thiamine (B1) deficiency can lead to Wernicke’s encephalopathy, which also includes dizziness among its neurological manifestations. However, the use of vitamin B supplementation for dizziness not linked to a clear deficiency (such as in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or vestibular migraine) is not strongly supported by clinical trial evidence. Systematic reviews and guidelines primarily recommend vitamin B supplementation only for patients with laboratory-confirmed deficiency or risk factors (e.g., elderly, certain diets, malabsorption syndromes). Thus, while there is a scientific rationale for vitamin B use in specific cases of dizziness due to deficiency, there is limited evidence for its use in general dizziness or vertigo. The overall quality of evidence is moderate for deficiency-related dizziness (hence the rating of 2), but weak for general use as a treatment for all forms of dizziness.

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