Evidence supporting the use of: Lactobacillus salivarius
For the health condition: Diverticulitis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactobacillus salivarius is a probiotic bacterium commonly found in the human oral, intestinal, and vaginal microbiota. Its use in supporting or treating diverticulitis is primarily grounded in scientific rationale, though direct clinical evidence is limited and of low to moderate quality. Probiotics in general, including various Lactobacillus species, are proposed to modulate the gut microbiota, reduce inflammation, enhance mucosal barrier function, and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The pathophysiology of diverticulitis involves localized inflammation and disturbance of the gut microbiome, which forms the basis for considering probiotics as a supportive therapy. Some studies, albeit small and often involving mixed probiotic strains (not solely L. salivarius), suggest potential benefits in reducing recurrence and alleviating symptoms of diverticular disease, particularly in the chronic, uncomplicated form rather than acute diverticulitis. For example, a few clinical trials have reported that multi-strain probiotics, sometimes including L. salivarius, may reduce abdominal pain, bloating, and improve bowel function in diverticular disease. However, there is limited evidence specifically isolating the effects of L. salivarius, and systematic reviews conclude that more robust, strain-specific research is needed. Major gastroenterology guidelines do not currently recommend probiotics as a standard treatment for diverticulitis, but recognize their potential and low risk profile. In summary, while the use of Lactobacillus salivarius for diverticulitis is based on plausible scientific mechanisms and some early supportive studies, the quality and quantity of direct clinical evidence is still limited, warranting a moderate evidence rating.

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