Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Immunoglobulins, specifically diphtheria antitoxin (a preparation of antibodies, originally derived from horse serum), are scientifically validated and considered the cornerstone of diphtheria treatment. The rationale for their use is grounded in the pathophysiology of diphtheria, which is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae producing a potent exotoxin. This toxin is responsible for the systemic manifestations and tissue damage seen in the disease. Antibiotics can eradicate the bacteria but do not neutralize the circulating toxin. Diphtheria antitoxin (immunoglobulin) works by binding to and neutralizing unbound toxin, thereby preventing further tissue damage.

This approach has strong historical and scientific roots. The therapeutic use of diphtheria antitoxin dates back to the 1890s and was one of the earliest successful examples of passive immunotherapy. Landmark studies and widespread clinical experience in the first half of the 20th century clearly demonstrated that early administration of antitoxin dramatically reduces mortality and complications. Modern guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) continue to recommend diphtheria antitoxin as essential, in conjunction with antibiotics, for all suspected cases of diphtheria. Thus, the use of immunoglobulins for diphtheria is strongly supported by scientific evidence and historical clinical practice.

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