Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Globulins, specifically in the form of diphtheria antitoxin (prepared from the globulin fraction of plasma of immunized animals or humans), have a long-standing and well-documented role in the treatment of diphtheria. Diphtheria antitoxin consists of antibodies (immunoglobulins) that neutralize the diphtheria toxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The use of diphtheria antitoxin was first introduced in the 1890s and quickly became the mainstay of diphtheria therapy, dramatically reducing mortality rates. Its efficacy has been confirmed through both historical clinical data and modern guidelines: the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) both recommend prompt administration of diphtheria antitoxin as the cornerstone of therapy, in conjunction with antibiotics. The antitoxin is derived from the globulin fraction of serum from horses or humans immunized with diphtheria toxin, making "globulins" the active component. There is overwhelming clinical evidence that early administration of antitoxin reduces morbidity and mortality, particularly when given before extensive tissue damage occurs. Antibiotics alone are insufficient, as they do not neutralize circulating toxin. Thus, the use of globulins (in the form of specific antitoxin) for diphtheria is scientifically validated and remains standard of care.

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