Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Proanthocyanidins, a class of polyphenolic compounds found in foods such as grape seeds, pine bark, and certain berries, have been investigated for their potential to support vascular health and reduce oxidative stress—factors implicated in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Some scientific studies, primarily in animal models and small human trials, suggest that proanthocyanidins may help protect retinal blood vessels from damage by inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and stabilizing capillary walls. For example, in vitro and animal research has shown that grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) can decrease retinal vascular permeability and prevent capillary leakage, which are key features of early diabetic retinopathy. Furthermore, some small-scale clinical studies have reported improvements in microvascular function and retinal health in diabetic patients using proanthocyanidin-rich extracts, although results are not universally consistent and sample sizes are often limited.

Despite this promising preclinical data, high-quality randomized controlled trials in humans are lacking. Therefore, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence supporting the use of proanthocyanidins in diabetic retinopathy, the overall strength of evidence remains modest. Proanthocyanidins are not currently recommended as a standard therapy for DR, and more robust human studies are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety in this context.

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