Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Mitoquinone mesylate, also known as MitoQ, is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that has been investigated for its potential to treat diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes complication caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (retina), often linked to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Scientific studies, mainly preclinical, have explored MitoQ’s ability to mitigate these processes. For instance, animal studies have demonstrated that MitoQ can reduce oxidative stress, inhibit mitochondrial damage, and decrease retinal cell apoptosis in diabetic models, suggesting a protective effect on the retina (e.g., Santos et al., Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 2018; Kanwar et al., Diabetes, 2007). These findings provide a mechanistic rationale for its use in diabetic retinopathy. However, there is a lack of robust clinical trial data in humans confirming efficacy or safety specifically for diabetic retinopathy. Most evidence comes from cell culture and animal studies, and no major guidelines currently recommend MitoQ for this indication. Therefore, while there is scientific interest and some preclinical support, the overall evidence level is low (rated 2/5), and more clinical research is needed before MitoQ can be recommended for diabetic retinopathy in humans.

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