Evidence supporting the use of: Lutein
For the health condition: Diabetic Retinopathy

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lutein is a carotenoid antioxidant found in high concentrations in the macula of the human eye. Its use in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is supported by a modest but growing body of scientific evidence. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that lutein supplementation may help protect retinal cells from oxidative stress and inflammation—key contributors to the progression of DR. In animal models of diabetes, lutein has been shown to reduce retinal oxidative damage and suppress inflammatory markers.

In human research, data are more limited but somewhat promising. Observational studies have found lower levels of lutein in the serum and retinas of patients with diabetic retinopathy compared to healthy controls. Some small clinical trials suggest that lutein (often combined with zeaxanthin and other antioxidants) may improve visual function or slow the progression of retinal changes in diabetics, but these studies are generally of low to moderate quality and involve small sample sizes.

Major diabetes and ophthalmology guidelines do not currently recommend lutein supplementation as a standard therapy for preventing or treating diabetic retinopathy, due to insufficient high-quality evidence. However, lutein is sometimes included in eye health supplements marketed for diabetics. Overall, while there is a plausible biological rationale and preliminary evidence for lutein’s supportive role in diabetic retinopathy, more robust clinical trials are needed to establish its efficacy.

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