Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

L-carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and histidine, has been investigated for its potential role in supporting or treating diabetic retinopathy primarily due to its antioxidant and antiglycation properties. Scientific interest stems from the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy, which involves oxidative stress, inflammation, and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that damage retinal blood vessels. Preclinical studies, particularly in animal models and in vitro experiments, have shown that L-carnosine can inhibit glycation reactions and reduce oxidative stress in retinal tissues. These effects suggest that carnosine might protect against the cellular and vascular damage characteristic of diabetic retinopathy. For instance, several rodent studies have demonstrated that carnosine administration may decrease retinal oxidative damage and reduce markers of inflammation or apoptosis in the retina under diabetic conditions. However, clinical evidence in humans is limited. Few small-scale studies and pilot clinical trials have examined carnosine's effects specifically on diabetic retinopathy, with most research focusing on its impact in diabetes-related complications more broadly or on surrogate markers like oxidative stress. Therefore, while there is a plausible scientific rationale and some supportive preclinical data, robust randomized controlled trials in humans are lacking. In summary, the use of L-carnosine for diabetic retinopathy is supported by preliminary scientific evidence, mostly from laboratory and animal research, but its clinical efficacy in humans remains unproven and warrants further study.

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