Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Hyperoside is a flavonoid glycoside found in various plants such as Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort) and Crataegus species. Its use in supporting or treating diabetic retinopathy is primarily based on preclinical scientific evidence rather than traditional use. Several in vitro and animal studies have investigated hyperoside’s potential to alleviate diabetic retinopathy by targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular damage in retinal tissues.

Experimental research indicates that hyperoside can inhibit apoptosis (cell death) of retinal cells and reduce oxidative damage by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity (e.g., superoxide dismutase) and reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines and advanced glycation end-products. For example, studies in diabetic rats have shown that hyperoside administration ameliorated retinal vascular leakage, thickening of the basement membrane, and loss of pericytes—key hallmarks of diabetic retinopathy. The underlying mechanisms are thought to involve the inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, both of which play roles in inflammation and cell survival.

Despite these promising findings, there are no well-designed human clinical trials evaluating hyperoside for diabetic retinopathy. Its efficacy and safety in humans remain to be established. Thus, current support for hyperoside’s use in diabetic retinopathy is limited to laboratory and animal data, justifying a moderate-low evidence rating.

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