Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) has some scientific evidence supporting its use in maintaining eye health, including conditions like diabetic retinopathy, though the evidence is limited and primarily preclinical. Blueberries are rich in anthocyanins and other polyphenols, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxidative stress and inflammation are known contributors to the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Animal studies and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that blueberry extracts can reduce retinal oxidative damage, inhibit vascular leakage, and modulate inflammatory pathways in diabetic models. For example, several studies in diabetic rats showed that blueberry supplementation reduced retinal capillary damage and improved markers of oxidative stress.

However, direct clinical trials in humans with diabetic retinopathy are sparse. Most available human studies focus on general eye health or on risk factors such as blood glucose levels, rather than direct effects on diabetic retinopathy progression. Therefore, while there is a plausible scientific rationale and some positive preclinical data, evidence in humans remains preliminary and insufficient for firm clinical recommendations. The use of blueberries for diabetic retinopathy is thus supported by some scientific research, but not yet by robust human trials.

References:
- Kalt W et al. "Anthocyanins, antioxidants, and diabetes: potential health benefits of berry fruits." Curr Med Chem. 2008.
- Nair AR et al. "Beneficial effects of blueberry supplementation on oxidative stress in diabetic rats." J Nutr Biochem. 2014.
- Ghosh D et al. "Berry anthocyanins as novel antioxidants in human health and disease." Mol Nutr Food Res. 2006.

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