Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Baicalin is a flavonoid compound derived from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis (Chinese skullcap), traditionally used in Chinese medicine. In recent years, there has been growing scientific interest in baicalin for its potential role in supporting or treating diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complication of diabetes characterized by damage to the retinal blood vessels. Several in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that baicalin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic properties, all of which are relevant to the pathogenesis of DR. For example, baicalin has been shown to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, reduce retinal vascular leakage, and suppress inflammatory cytokine production in diabetic rodent models. Some studies also suggest that baicalin may protect retinal cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. However, despite these promising findings, there is currently a lack of robust clinical trials in humans that validate its efficacy and safety for diabetic retinopathy. Most of the evidence remains preclinical, and more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale and some experimental evidence for baicalin’s use in DR, its clinical application is not yet well-established.

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