Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Apigenin is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in various plants, including parsley, chamomile, and celery. Its use for diabetic retinopathy is primarily supported by emerging scientific evidence rather than traditional medicine. Preclinical studies, primarily in vitro and in animal models, suggest that apigenin may exert beneficial effects through several mechanisms relevant to diabetic retinopathy. These include its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties. For example, studies have shown that apigenin can reduce oxidative stress and inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a key role in abnormal blood vessel formation in diabetic retinopathy. Additionally, apigenin has demonstrated the ability to inhibit high glucose-induced damage to retinal cells in laboratory settings. However, clinical evidence in humans is currently lacking. Most of the data come from cellular studies and diabetic animal models rather than human trials. There are no large-scale randomized controlled trials directly assessing apigenin’s efficacy and safety for diabetic retinopathy in patients. As such, while there is a rational scientific basis and some promising preliminary data, the overall strength of evidence is still limited, and apigenin should not be considered a proven or standard therapy for diabetic retinopathy at this time.

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