Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in regulating inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue repair. Scientific interest in TGF-β’s role in dermatitis, particularly atopic dermatitis, is grounded in its immunomodulatory properties. Several studies have demonstrated that TGF-β can suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production and promote the differentiation of regulatory T cells, which could theoretically reduce the inflammatory response seen in dermatitis. Additionally, TGF-β is involved in wound healing and the maintenance of skin barrier function, both of which are disrupted in various forms of dermatitis.

However, the evidence supporting the therapeutic use of TGF-β in dermatitis is still emerging and somewhat mixed. Experimental models have shown that TGF-β signaling can ameliorate dermatitis-like symptoms by dampening inflammation. For example, mouse studies indicate that enhancing TGF-β activity can reduce skin inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia. Conversely, excess TGF-β can contribute to skin fibrosis and scarring, highlighting the need for careful modulation.

To date, there are no approved clinical therapies that directly use TGF-β as a treatment for dermatitis in humans. Most of the evidence is preclinical, and clinical trials are needed to fully establish its efficacy and safety. In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and preclinical evidence for the use of TGF-β in managing dermatitis, clinical validation is limited, warranting a moderate evidence rating.

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