Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), including resolvins, protectins, and maresins, are bioactive lipid compounds derived from omega-3 fatty acids. They play a crucial role in actively resolving inflammation, a process distinct from simply suppressing it. Dermatitis, such as atopic dermatitis or eczema, is characterized by chronic skin inflammation. Preclinical studies have shown that SPMs can reduce inflammation and promote tissue repair in various inflammatory conditions, including skin models. For example, animal studies have demonstrated that topical or systemic administration of SPMs can decrease inflammatory cell infiltration, reduce cytokine production, and accelerate healing in dermatitis-like conditions. Some small-scale human studies and case reports suggest potential benefit, but robust, large-scale, placebo-controlled clinical trials specifically examining SPM supplementation or topical application in human dermatitis patients are lacking as of 2024. Most of the current evidence comes from in vitro studies and animal models. These studies show that SPMs can modulate immune cell activity, decrease pro-inflammatory mediators, and enhance the resolution phase of inflammation. While these findings are promising for the potential treatment of dermatitis, the translation to clinical practice is still preliminary. Therefore, SPMs are considered to have a scientific basis for use in dermatitis, but the strength of the evidence is currently limited (rated as 2/5), and more research is needed to establish efficacy, appropriate formulations, and dosing in humans.

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