Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Synopsis of Evidence Supporting Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) for Dermatitis

Niacinamide (nicotinamide), a form of vitamin B3, has gained increasing attention for its potential therapeutic role in various dermatological conditions, including dermatitis. Scientific evidence, particularly from clinical studies, supports its use primarily in atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory skin conditions.

Niacinamide possesses anti-inflammatory, barrier-strengthening, and immunomodulatory properties. Its topical application has been shown to enhance the synthesis of ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol, which are crucial for maintaining the skin's barrier function. A compromised skin barrier is a hallmark of dermatitis, especially atopic dermatitis, leading to increased transepidermal water loss and susceptibility to irritants and allergens.

Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that topical niacinamide can reduce inflammation, erythema, and transepidermal water loss in patients with atopic dermatitis and other eczematous conditions. For example, a double-blind study published in the International Journal of Dermatology showed that a 5% niacinamide cream was effective in improving the skin barrier and reducing symptoms in patients with atopic dermatitis, with efficacy comparable to some standard treatments such as topical steroids or calcineurin inhibitors.

Oral niacinamide is less commonly used for dermatitis but is well-recognized for preventing pellagra, a disease caused by niacin deficiency that features dermatitis among its primary symptoms. Overall, while the evidence base is moderate and further large-scale studies are warranted, current data justify the use of niacinamide as a supportive treatment for certain types of dermatitis.

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