Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lanolin is a natural, waxy substance derived from sheep's wool and is widely used as an emollient in dermatological preparations. It is primarily included in topical formulations to manage dermatitis (including atopic and contact dermatitis) due to its moisturizing and skin barrier-protecting properties. Scientific literature provides some support for lanolin's effectiveness in reducing skin dryness and improving barrier function, both of which are key in the management of dermatitis. A few clinical studies and reviews have found that lanolin-containing creams can help alleviate symptoms of xerosis (dry skin) and mild dermatitis, largely by reducing transepidermal water loss and promoting hydration. However, the evidence base is limited in both quantity and quality. Most available studies are small, and few directly compare lanolin to other emollients or placebo for dermatitis. Additionally, lanolin is a known contact allergen for some individuals, and cases of allergic contact dermatitis have been reported, especially in those with already compromised skin barriers. For this reason, while lanolin is scientifically justified as an ingredient for supporting dermatitis due to its moisturizing effect, its use should be individualized, and alternatives may be preferable in sensitive populations. Overall, lanolin's use in dermatitis is supported by basic science and some clinical observations, but robust, high-quality comparative trials are lacking, resulting in a moderate (2 out of 5) evidence rating.

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