Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Glycyrrhizic acid, a major active constituent of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, which are relevant to the management of dermatitis. Several in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that glycyrrhizic acid and its derivatives can inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduce oxidative stress, and suppress the activity of enzymes such as phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase, both involved in inflammatory pathways. These mechanisms are thought to contribute to its efficacy in alleviating symptoms of dermatitis, such as redness, itching, and swelling.

Clinical evidence in humans, however, is limited. Small trials and case reports suggest topical formulations containing glycyrrhizic acid may reduce symptoms in conditions like atopic dermatitis and eczema, possibly due to its corticosteroid-like effects but with fewer side effects. A few randomized controlled trials have evaluated licorice-based creams, with some reporting modest improvement in dermatitis symptoms compared to placebo. However, these studies are often limited by small sample size, short duration, and variable formulation. Major dermatological guidelines do not currently recommend glycyrrhizic acid as a standard therapy, but it remains an ingredient in some over-the-counter skin care products targeting inflammation.

In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence supporting the use of glycyrrhizic acid for dermatitis, robust clinical validation is lacking. The evidence base is currently best described as limited but promising, justifying a moderate evidence rating.

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