Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) has been investigated for its potential role in supporting or treating depression. The rationale behind its use is primarily scientific, based on its established biochemical role in neurotransmitter synthesis. Vitamin B6 acts as a coenzyme in the production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), all of which are involved in mood regulation. Several observational studies have reported that lower levels of vitamin B6 are sometimes found in individuals with depression compared to non-depressed controls. Some small-scale clinical trials have also examined the effect of vitamin B6 supplementation, either alone or in combination with other B vitamins, on depressive symptoms. Results, however, have been mixed and generally modest.

A 2022 randomized controlled trial reported a small reduction in self-reported anxiety and a trend toward improvement in depression with high-dose vitamin B6 supplementation, but the effect was not robust. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews generally conclude that while there is biological plausibility, the clinical evidence is weak and inconsistent, and vitamin B6 should not be considered a first-line or standalone treatment for depression. Nonetheless, correcting a deficiency in vitamin B6 may be beneficial in individuals who are deficient and experiencing depressive symptoms. Overall, the evidence supporting the use of vitamin B6 in depression is limited (rated 2/5), and more high-quality studies are needed to clarify its therapeutic value.

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