Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Phenolic acids are a class of naturally occurring compounds found in many plants, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. These compounds possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. In recent years, there has been growing scientific interest in the potential of phenolic acids to support mental health, including depression. Several preclinical studies (cell and animal models) suggest that phenolic acids such as ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and gallic acid may modulate neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter systems implicated in depression. Some studies indicate that these compounds can upregulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inhibit monoamine oxidase activity, both of which are relevant to mood regulation. However, evidence in humans is still limited. A small number of clinical trials have investigated diets rich in polyphenols (including phenolic acids), showing some benefit for mood and depression symptoms, but it is difficult to isolate the effects of phenolic acids specifically. No major clinical guidelines currently recommend phenolic acids as a treatment for depression, and their use is not widespread in traditional medicine specifically for this condition. Overall, while there is a scientific rationale and some preclinical data, robust clinical evidence is lacking, so the evidence supporting their use for depression is currently modest.

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