Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Creatine is an amino acid derivative well-known for its role in sports nutrition, but recent research has examined its potential role in supporting mood disorders, including depression. The scientific rationale stems from the fact that creatine serves as a critical component in cellular energy metabolism, particularly in brain cells. Several studies have found that people with major depressive disorder (MDD) may have impaired brain energy metabolism, which creatine supplementation could potentially ameliorate by increasing brain phosphocreatine stores.

A handful of small randomized controlled trials and open-label studies have explored creatine as an adjunct to standard antidepressant therapy, particularly in women. Some studies, such as a 2012 RCT in Biological Psychiatry, found that adding creatine (5g/day) to escitalopram improved depressive symptoms more rapidly and to a greater extent than placebo. However, other studies have found mixed or modest effects, and sample sizes have generally been small. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews to date suggest a possible benefit but emphasize the need for larger, high-quality trials to confirm efficacy and clarify the populations most likely to benefit.

Overall, while there is emerging scientific support for the use of creatine in depression, the evidence is still preliminary and not strong enough to recommend routine use. The evidence rating is 2/5, reflecting early but promising findings that require confirmation.

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