Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Magnesium threonate is a compound that has garnered interest for its potential cognitive benefits, particularly in supporting memory and possibly in the management of dementia. The scientific rationale behind its use is that magnesium threonate is more effective than other magnesium salts at crossing the blood-brain barrier, thereby increasing brain magnesium levels. Preclinical studies, especially in rodents, have shown that magnesium threonate supplementation can improve synaptic density and enhance various aspects of cognitive function, including learning and memory. One key study (Neuron, 2010, Liu et al.) demonstrated that magnesium threonate improved performance in memory tasks in aging rats and increased synaptic plasticity. When it comes to human evidence, data are limited. A small randomized controlled trial published in 2016 (Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease) found that older adults taking magnesium threonate for 12 weeks experienced modest improvements in executive function and working memory compared to placebo. However, the sample size was small, and the population studied did not have diagnosed dementia, but rather subjective memory complaints. To date, there are no large-scale, high-quality clinical trials demonstrating that magnesium threonate is effective in treating or slowing the progression of dementia. Most claims are based on animal studies and limited human research. While the mechanism is plausible, and early results are promising, more rigorous research in patients with dementia is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

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