Ginkgoflavones are a class of flavonoid compounds found in Ginkgo biloba extracts. Ginkgo biloba has a long history of traditional use, but in the context of dementia, its application is primarily supported by scientific research into standardized Ginkgo extracts (not isolated ginkgoflavones). Multiple clinical trials and meta-analyses have investigated Ginkgo biloba (notably EGb 761 extract) for cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. These studies often report modest improvements in cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and activities of daily living in patients with mild to moderate dementia. However, the overall quality of evidence is mixed, with some studies showing benefit and others showing little or no effect. The benefit, when present, is generally small and may not be clinically significant for all patients.

It is important to note that the specific role of ginkgoflavones (as opposed to the whole standardized extract) has not been isolated in these studies. Most of the neuroprotective and anti-oxidative effects are attributed to a combination of ginkgoflavones and terpene lactones found in Ginkgo biloba extract. Major guidelines and reviews, such as those from the Cochrane Collaboration, note insufficient evidence to recommend Ginkgo biloba for dementia prevention or treatment, though it is sometimes used as an adjunct in practice. Thus, there is some scientific rationale and modest evidence for Ginkgo biloba extract in dementia, but the efficacy of isolated ginkgoflavones is not well established.