Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Metal salts—most commonly sodium chloride (table salt), potassium chloride, and sometimes magnesium or calcium salts—are scientifically validated as essential components in the treatment of dehydration. Dehydration results from loss of body fluids, primarily water and electrolytes. Oral rehydration solutions (ORS), widely recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other health authorities, contain precise amounts of metal salts (primarily sodium and potassium) along with glucose to optimize water and electrolyte absorption in the intestines. Numerous clinical trials and decades of practical experience have demonstrated that ORS containing these metal salts significantly reduce mortality and morbidity from dehydration, particularly in cases of diarrheal diseases such as cholera. The physiological rationale is well-established: sodium and glucose co-transport in the gut enhances water reabsorption, and replacement of lost potassium and other ions prevents electrolyte imbalances. The use of metal salts in intravenous fluids (such as normal saline or Ringer's lactate) is also a mainstay in hospital treatment of moderate to severe dehydration. Thus, the use of specific metal salts for dehydration is grounded in robust scientific evidence, extensive clinical data, and universal guidelines.

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