Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Sulfur compounds have a long history of use in the treatment of dandruff and other seborrheic skin conditions. Their use is supported by both traditional and scientific evidence, though the quality and quantity of modern clinical trials are moderate. Sulfur acts as a keratolytic agent, which means it helps shed the outer layer of the skin, reducing flakiness associated with dandruff. It also exhibits mild antifungal and antibacterial properties, which can help control Malassezia species implicated in dandruff pathogenesis. Sulfur is found as an active ingredient in some over-the-counter medicated shampoos, often in combination with agents such as salicylic acid or coal tar. Clinical studies from the mid-20th century and some more recent trials have shown that sulfur-containing preparations can reduce scaling and improve symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, though newer antifungal agents (such as ketoconazole) are generally more effective. Guidelines from dermatological associations still list sulfur as a second-line or adjunctive option. Overall, while not the most potent modern treatment, sulfur’s use is justified by both tradition and moderate scientific evidence, especially for mild cases or in combination therapies.

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