Black Haw (Viburnum prunifolium) has a long history of traditional use for alleviating menstrual cramps and other gynecological concerns. Historically, Native American tribes and later, European settlers, used Black Haw bark as a remedy for menstrual pain, uterine spasms, and to help prevent miscarriage. The plant's bark was typically prepared as a tea, tincture, or decoction. The traditional rationale is based on its presumed antispasmodic properties, which may help relax the smooth muscles of the uterus and reduce cramping sensations.

There is, however, limited modern scientific research directly validating these traditional uses. Some preclinical studies suggest that compounds in Black Haw, such as viburnin, scopoletin, and salicin, have muscle relaxant and anti-inflammatory effects, which could theoretically explain its traditional role in relieving cramps. Despite this, high-quality human clinical trials are lacking, and the evidence supporting its efficacy is mostly anecdotal or based on historical precedent rather than robust scientific validation. Therefore, while Black Haw is still sometimes included in herbal preparations for menstrual discomfort, its use is best described as supported by tradition, with a modest level of indirect or preclinical evidence rather than strong scientific consensus.