Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Potassium is commonly associated with muscle function, and its use for treating or preventing cramps and spasms is rooted in a scientific understanding of its physiological role. Potassium is a key electrolyte involved in nerve transmission and muscle contraction. Low levels of potassium (hypokalemia) can cause muscle weakness, cramping, and even more severe muscular or cardiac symptoms. Thus, in cases of documented hypokalemia—often due to diuretic use, vomiting, diarrhea, or certain medical conditions—potassium supplementation is medically indicated and effective in resolving muscle cramps. However, for the general population or athletes experiencing muscle cramps, scientific evidence supporting potassium supplementation as a preventive or therapeutic measure is limited. Multiple clinical studies and reviews have found that most exercise-associated muscle cramps are not caused by electrolyte imbalances but are more likely due to neuromuscular fatigue. While potassium-rich foods (such as bananas) are traditionally recommended for cramp prevention, randomized controlled trials have not consistently shown benefits of potassium supplementation for idiopathic or exercise-induced cramping in people with normal potassium levels. In summary, potassium supplementation is scientifically validated for treating cramps and spasms specifically when caused by a deficiency. Its routine use for muscle cramps in individuals with normal potassium levels, however, is not strongly supported by clinical evidence, leading to a modest evidence rating.

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