Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Magnesium has a scientific basis for its use in supporting or treating cramps and spasms, though the strength of evidence is moderate and somewhat condition-specific. Magnesium plays a key physiological role in neuromuscular transmission and muscle contraction. Deficiency in magnesium is well-established to cause neuromuscular irritability, which can manifest as muscle cramps or spasms. Supplementation is thus effective for treating cramps that are proven to be associated with magnesium deficiency, such as in certain medical conditions (e.g., malabsorption syndromes, alcoholism, pregnancy).

However, the evidence for magnesium supplementation in idiopathic muscle cramps (such as those experienced by healthy individuals, athletes, or older adults without clear deficiency) is less robust. Several randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews (e.g., Cochrane reviews) have found little to no significant benefit of magnesium supplementation for leg cramps in the general population, especially in older adults. In pregnancy, some studies suggest a modest benefit, but findings are inconsistent.

In summary, the use of magnesium for cramps and spasms is scientifically justified when deficiency is present, but for general or idiopathic cramps, the benefits are modest and not conclusively established. The overall evidence supports a moderate rating, with stronger support in specific deficiency-related cases.

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