Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

European peony (Paeonia officinalis) has a long history of traditional use in Europe and Asia for various ailments, including cramps and spasms. Historical texts and herbal compendiums from ancient Greece through the Middle Ages reference peony root and seeds as remedies for convulsions, muscle cramps, and even epilepsy. The rationale behind its traditional use likely stems from observed sedative and antispasmodic effects, though these observations were not scientifically quantified.

In traditional European herbalism, peony preparations were commonly recommended for women experiencing menstrual cramps and for people suffering from nervous spasms. The use is also echoed in traditional Chinese medicine (using a related species, Paeonia lactiflora), where peony root is considered to "soften" the liver and relieve muscle tension.

Modern scientific research on European peony (Paeonia officinalis) specifically is limited. Some in vitro and animal studies on related species suggest peony extracts may have mild muscle relaxant and anti-inflammatory effects, possibly due to compounds like paeoniflorin. However, robust clinical evidence in humans is lacking, and most available studies focus on Chinese peony rather than the European species. Thus, while traditional use is well-documented, scientific validation remains weak, justifying a moderate evidence rating.

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