Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3

Paeonia lactiflora, commonly known as Chinese peony, has been used for centuries in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to address muscle cramps, spasms, and pain. Its root, known as Bai Shao (白芍), is a key ingredient in classic TCM formulas such as Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang, which is specifically prescribed to relieve muscle spasms and cramps, particularly in the legs and abdomen. The traditional rationale for its use is that Bai Shao nourishes the blood and preserves the yin, which is thought in TCM theory to calm hyperactive muscles and tendons.

Scientific validation is limited but emerging. Several in vitro and animal studies suggest that paeoniflorin, a principal active compound in Chinese peony, exhibits antispasmodic and muscle-relaxant properties. For example, paeoniflorin has been observed to modulate calcium channels and reduce neuromuscular excitability, which may explain its effect on smooth muscle contractions. Some clinical studies in China have reported beneficial effects when Chinese peony is used in combination with other herbs for conditions involving cramps (e.g., dysmenorrhea), though robust, placebo-controlled human trials isolating Chinese peony are lacking.

In summary, the use of Chinese peony for cramps and spasms is strongly supported by traditional use and moderately supported by preclinical scientific research. However, high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and to clarify its mechanisms in humans.

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