Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Terpenoids (also called isoprenoids) are a large and diverse group of naturally occurring organic chemicals derived from terpenes. They are found in many plants, including those traditionally used in herbal remedies for respiratory ailments. Scientific studies have identified specific terpenoids, such as menthol (from mint), camphor, and cineole (eucalyptol from eucalyptus), as having pharmacological activities relevant to cough relief. These compounds are known to exert antitussive (cough-suppressing), expectorant (helping to clear mucus), and mild bronchodilatory effects. For example, menthol and eucalyptol are common components of over-the-counter cough remedies, lozenges, and inhalants, where they act via sensory nerve modulation and mucosal soothing effects. Several clinical studies and reviews support the efficacy of these terpenoid-containing preparations, although the quality of evidence varies, and effects are generally modest. However, it is important to note that while there is scientific support for the use of specific terpenoids in cough management, the evidence is not uniform across all terpenoids, and most data pertain to isolated compounds rather than the entire class. Overall, terpenoids have a scientifically supported role in alleviating cough symptoms, particularly as components of topical or inhaled remedies.

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