Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Dioscorea nipponica, commonly known as Japanese yam, has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and other East Asian medical systems. It is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory, antitussive (cough-suppressing), and expectorant properties. Traditional texts often prescribe Dioscorea nipponica rhizome (known as "Chuan Shan Long" in TCM) for various respiratory conditions, including coughs, bronchitis, and asthma. The historical rationale is based on its believed ability to clear heat, resolve phlegm, and relieve symptoms associated with lung disorders.

Modern pharmacological studies have identified steroidal saponins as the major active components in Dioscorea nipponica, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, most scientific research has focused on its use for rheumatic diseases, such as arthritis, rather than for cough or respiratory complaints. There are a few animal studies and limited clinical observations indicating that extracts of Dioscorea nipponica may reduce airway inflammation and suppress cough reflex, but robust, high-quality clinical trials in humans are lacking. Therefore, while traditional use for cough is well-documented, scientific validation remains limited.

In summary, the use of Dioscorea nipponica for cough is primarily justified by traditional use with some preliminary pharmacological support, but the overall quality and quantity of evidence are modest.

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