Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Phenolics, a broad class of plant-derived compounds including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and related substances, have traditionally been used in herbal medicine for the relief of cough, including dry cough. Many medicinal plants rich in phenolics—such as thyme (Thymus vulgaris), licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), and others—have historically been employed in the form of teas, syrups, or extracts to soothe irritated throats and suppress cough. The basis for their traditional use relates to their purported anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mild antimicrobial effects, which may help reduce throat irritation and inflammation underlying dry cough. However, while in vitro and animal studies suggest phenolics possess biological effects that could theoretically benefit respiratory symptoms, direct clinical evidence supporting the efficacy of isolated phenolics or phenolic-rich preparations for dry cough is limited. Most available data are either extrapolated from traditional herbal use or from studies on whole plant extracts, not purified phenolic compounds. As such, the use of phenolics for treating dry cough is primarily justified by tradition and longstanding herbal practices, rather than robust scientific validation from randomized controlled trials. The overall quality of evidence is low, and more research is needed to establish clear efficacy and dosing.

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