Growth factors are a group of proteins that play crucial roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair. Their use in supporting or treating convalescence—defined as the period of recovery following illness, injury, or surgery—has a scientific basis, particularly in specific medical contexts. Clinical studies have demonstrated that certain growth factors, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), erythropoietin, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), can accelerate recovery in patients by promoting hematopoiesis, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. For example, G-CSF is commonly used to reduce the duration of neutropenia and infection risk in patients undergoing chemotherapy, and PDGF has been approved for use in the treatment of chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers.

However, the general application of growth factors for all types of convalescence is not universally established. Most evidence supports their use in specific, controlled medical situations rather than broad, routine recovery. Some growth factors are being investigated for their potential to enhance muscle, nerve, or cardiac repair after major injuries or surgeries, but such uses remain largely experimental. Risks such as inappropriate tissue growth and malignancy also limit their widespread use. Overall, while there is scientific validation for the use of growth factors in certain aspects of convalescence, the evidence is moderate and context-dependent, justifying a rating of 3 out of 5.