Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lysozyme is an enzyme naturally present in human tears and other secretions, where it functions as part of the innate immune system by breaking down the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls, particularly those of Gram-positive bacteria. Its use in treating or supporting conjunctivitis is based on its antimicrobial activity. Scientific studies have demonstrated that lysozyme can inhibit the growth of certain bacteria commonly implicated in conjunctivitis, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In the context of ocular health, lysozyme is a major component of the tear film, and its deficiency has been associated with increased susceptibility to eye infections, including conjunctivitis. Some ophthalmic preparations and artificial tears formulations include lysozyme or are designed to preserve or mimic its activity to help maintain ocular surface defense.

However, the clinical evidence for supplementing lysozyme as a treatment for conjunctivitis is limited. While in vitro and basic research supports its antimicrobial properties, there are few well-controlled clinical trials directly evaluating the effect of exogenous lysozyme supplementation in patients with conjunctivitis. Most current treatments for bacterial conjunctivitis rely on topical antibiotics, with lysozyme playing a supportive, natural role rather than being used as a primary pharmacological agent. Therefore, while its use is scientifically grounded in its natural function and antimicrobial mechanisms, the strength of direct clinical evidence for therapeutic supplementation is relatively weak.

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