Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Polyphenols, a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants (such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and stilbenes), have been studied for their potential cardiovascular benefits, including in the context of congestive heart failure (CHF). The scientific interest stems primarily from the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and endothelial function-modulating properties of polyphenols. Several preclinical and small-scale clinical studies suggest polyphenols—especially those from sources like cocoa, green tea, and red wine (resveratrol)—may improve vascular function, reduce oxidative stress, and possibly enhance cardiac function in heart failure patients. For example, some trials report improved endothelial-dependent vasodilation and reduced markers of inflammation in CHF patients supplemented with polyphenol-rich extracts. However, the evidence base is limited: studies often have small sample sizes, short durations, heterogeneous polyphenol compounds and doses, and sometimes conflicting results. There is currently a lack of large, high-quality randomized controlled trials directly demonstrating that polyphenol supplementation improves clinical outcomes such as mortality or hospitalization in CHF. As such, while there is a scientific rationale and early supportive data, the overall level of evidence is low to moderate (rated 2 out of 5) and does not justify broad clinical use of polyphenols specifically for CHF treatment outside of clinical trials.

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